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Colour Properties

color
Value: <color>
Initial: UA specific
Applies to: all elements
Inherited: yes
Percentage values: N/A

This property describes the text color of an element (often referred to as the foreground color). There are different ways to specify red:

EM { color: red } /* natural language */ EM { color: rgb(255,0,0) } /* RGB range 0-255 */

See the Colour Units topic for more details about colour units.

background-color
Value: <color> | transparent
Initial: transparent
Applies to: all elements
Inherited: no
Percentage values: N/A

This property sets the background color of an element.

H1 { background-color: #F00 }

background-image
Value: <url> | none
Initial: none
Applies to: all elements
Inherited: no
Percentage values: N/A

This property sets the background image of an element. When setting a background image, one should also set a background color that will be used when the image is unavailable. When the image is available, it is overlaid on top of the background color.

BODY { background-image: url(marble.gif) }
P { background-image: none }

background-repeat
Value: repeat | repeat-x | repeat-y | no-repeat
Initial: repeat
Applies to: all elements
Inherited: no
Percentage values: N/A

If a background image is specified, the value of 'background-repeat' determines how/if the image is repeated.

A value of 'repeat' means that the image is repeated both horizontally and vertically. The 'repeat-x' ('repeat-y') value makes the image repeat horizontally (vertically), to create a single band of images from one side to the other. With a value of 'no-repeat', the image is not repeated.

BODY {
background: red url(pendant.gif);
background-repeat: repeat-y;
}

In the example above, the image will only be repeated vertically.

background-attachment
Value: scroll | fixed
Initial: scroll
Applies to: all elements
Inherited: no
Percentage values: N/A

If a background image is specified, the value of 'background-attachment' determines if it is fixed with regard to the canvas or if it scrolls along with the content.

BODY {
background: red url(pendant.gif);
background-repeat: repeat-y;
background-attachment: fixed;
}

Note : Browsers may treat 'fixed' as 'scroll'. However, it is recommended they interpret 'fixed' correctly, at least on the <HTML> and BODY elements, since there is no way for an author to provide an image only for those browsers that support 'fixed'.

background-position
Value: [<percentage> | <length>]{1,2} | [top | center | bottom] || [left | center | right]
Initial: 0% 0%
Applies to: block-level and replaced elements
Inherited: no
Percentage values: refer to the size of the element itself

If a background image has been specified, the value of 'background-position' specifies its initial position.

With a value pair of '0% 0%', the upper left corner of the image is placed in the upper left corner of the box that surrounds the content of the element (i.e., not the box that surrounds the padding, border or margin). A value pair of '100% 100%' places the lower right corner of the image in the lower right corner of the element. With a value pair of '14% 84%', the point 14% across and 84% down the image is to be placed at the point 14% across and 84% down the element.

With a value pair of '2cm 2cm', the upper left corner of the image is placed 2cm to the right and 2cm below the upper left corner of the element.

If only one percentage or length value is given, it sets the horizontal position only, the vertical position will be 50%. If two values are given, the horizontal position comes first. Combinations of length and percentage values are allowed, e.g. '50% 2cm'. Negative positions are allowed.

One can also use keyword values to indicate the position of the background image. Keywords cannot be combined with percentage values, or length values. The possible combinations of keywords and their interpretations are as follows:

'top left' and 'left top' both mean the same as '0% 0%'. 'top', 'top center' and 'center top' mean the same as '50% 0%'. 'right top' and 'top right' mean the same as '100% 0%'. 'left', 'left center' and 'center left' mean the same as '0% 50%'. 'center' and 'center center' mean the same as '50% 50%'. 'right', 'right center' and 'center right' mean the same as '100% 50%'. 'bottom left' and 'left bottom' mean the same as '0% 100%'. 'bottom', 'bottom center' and 'center bottom' mean the same as '50% 100%'. 'bottom right' and 'right bottom' mean the same as '100% 100%'. examples:

BODY { background: url(banner.jpeg) right top }
BODY { background: url(banner.jpeg) top center }
BODY { background: url(banner.jpeg) center }
BODY { background: url(banner.jpeg) bottom }

If the background image is fixed with regard to the canvas (see the 'background-attachment' property above), the image is placed relative to the canvas instead of the element. E.g.:

BODY {
background-image: url(logo.png);
background-attachment: fixed;
background-position: 100% 100%;
}

In the example above, the image is placed in the lower right corner of the canvas.

background
Value: <background-color> || <background-image> || <background-repeat> || <background-attachment> || <background-position>
Initial: not defined for shorthand properties
Applies to: all elements
Inherited: no
Percentage values: allowed on <background-position>

The 'background' property is a shorthand property for setting the individual background properties (i.e., 'background-color', 'background-image', 'background-repeat', 'background-attachment' and 'background-position') at the same place in the style sheet.

Possible values on the 'background' properties are the set of all possible values on the individual properties.

BODY { background: red }
P { background: url(chess.png) gray 50% repeat fixed }

The 'background' property always sets all the individual background properties. In the first rule of the above example, only a value for 'background-color' has been given and the other individual properties are set to their initial value. In the second rule, all individual properties have been specified.

© 1995-1998, Stephen Le Hunte

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